Biomaterials have plastics value chain as well. It’s not limited to fuel. But 2G is what’s in sight right now. Flexi-fuel could have Brazil like model because of starchy feedstock availability beyond Sugar. EVs coming in and scaling appreciably will take time. Then the problem becomes whether to further reduce reliance on fossil fuel, blend more and repurpose the fossil fuel chain into making downstream petrochemicals. Because to support our GDP, we will be heavily reliant on petrochemicals going forward.
For eg, plastics value chain globally is very low on even mechanical recycling right now. More advanced recycling is yet to practically start if you take the overall scale. By 2030, 80-85% reliance globally would be still on virgin polymer.
So, value addition wise, we would benefit better to repurpose fossil-fuel for applications other that fuel. At the same time, green-plastic, green-fuel, Algae derived fuel, etc. will have their time to shine. There’s a whole lot going on in the biomaterials space with these very same microbial systems!